{"id":1271,"date":"2021-01-28T14:40:19","date_gmt":"2021-01-28T13:40:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/?p=1271"},"modified":"2021-01-28T14:40:19","modified_gmt":"2021-01-28T13:40:19","slug":"pojam-bios-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/2021\/01\/28\/pojam-bios-a\/","title":{"rendered":"Pojam BIOS-a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BIOS (engl. basic input\/output system, osnovni ulazno\/izlazni sistem) je naziv za standardni ra\u010dunarski program koji se prvi pokre\u0107e nakon uklju\u010denja personalnih ra\u010dunara IBM PC i njima kompatibilnih. BIOS postavlja osnovne radne parametre ra\u010dunarskog hardvera te pronalazi i u\u010ditava operativni sistem u radnu memoriju (RAM). Kod nekih sistema umjesto BIOS-a koristi se naziv sistemski ROM, ovaj naziv se \u010desto koristio kod personalnih ra\u010dunara tokom 1970-tih i 1980-tih godina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pojam BIOS se prvi put pojavio u operativnom sistemu CP\/M gdje je ozna\u010davao onaj dio operativnog sistema koji se u\u010ditava tokom pokretanja ra\u010dunara i koji direktno upravlja hardverom. Ovi ra\u010dunari su imali u ROM-u jednostavan program koji bi pokrenuo disketnu jedinicu i sa umetnute inicijalne (boot) diskete u\u010ditao BIOS. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CP\/M je skra\u0107enica engleske slo\u017eenice Control Program for Microcomputers i ime je za operativni sistem kojeg je bila razvila ameri\u010dka kompanija Digital Research. CP\/M je bio jako ra\u0161iren u kasnim 70-im i 80-im godinama 20. stolje\u0107a. CP\/M je bio prvim progla\u0161enim industrijskim standardom za operativne sisteme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"717\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-1.png 717w, https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-1-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 717px) 100vw, 717px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"749\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-2.png 749w, https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-2-300x187.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 749px) 100vw, 749px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"828\" height=\"464\" src=\"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1274\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-3.png 828w, https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-3-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-3-768x430.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 828px) 100vw, 828px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dizajn i upotreba Biosa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BIOS je obi\u010dno napisan u assembleru i prilago\u0111en odre\u0111enom hardveru ra\u010dunara, ali sada zbog slo\u017eenosti i veli\u010dine memorije se sve vi\u0161e koriste vi\u0161i programski jezici (C++ i Eiffel) dok se samo neki dijelovi BIOS-a optimizuju u assembleru radi skra\u0107ivanja razvojnog ciklusa i da bi se pojefitnilo kasnije odr\u017eavanje. BIOS je spremljen u memorijski \u010dip na mati\u010dnoj plo\u010di ra\u010dunara koji \u010duva sadr\u017eaj i kada nema napajanja. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">BIOS sadr\u017ei i malu softversku biblioteku ulazno-izlaznih funkcija za upravljanje tastaturom, zaslonom, diskovnim ure\u0111ajima itd. Operativni sistem mo\u017ee koristiti te funkcije za upravljanje hardverom ili ipak mo\u017ee imati svoje funkcije za tu namjenu. Neki dijelovi ra\u010dunara, npr. grafi\u010dka kartica, DVD i mre\u017ena kartica, mogu sadr\u017eavati svoj BIOS koji pro\u0161iruje funkcije osnovnog BIOS-a na mati\u010dnoj plo\u010di.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BIOS (engl. basic input\/output system, osnovni ulazno\/izlazni sistem) je naziv za standardni ra\u010dunarski program koji se prvi pokre\u0107e nakon uklju\u010denja personalnih ra\u010dunara IBM PC i njima kompatibilnih. BIOS postavlja osnovne radne parametre ra\u010dunarskog hardvera te pronalazi i u\u010ditava operativni sistem u radnu memoriju (RAM). Kod nekih sistema umjesto BIOS-a koristi se naziv sistemski ROM, ovaj&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"button small blue\" href=\"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/2021\/01\/28\/pojam-bios-a\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-20"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1271"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1275,"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1271\/revisions\/1275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssntb.org\/mirozaric\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}